How Did The Andes Mountains Affected Settlement In South America?

Terms in this set (15) How did the Andres Mountains affect settlement along the western coast of South America? All along the the west and south coasts of South America, the Andes are a barrier to movement in interior. As a result, more settlement in South America has occurred along the eastern and northern coasts.

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How did the geography of the Andes mountains affect the growth of agriculture in South America?

The steep slopes of the mountains limited the amount of fertile land that could be used for farming. It was also difficult to find water for the crops. To solve this problem, the Inca used a system known as terrace farming. They built walls on hillsides and filled them with soil to make terraces.

How does the Andes mountains affect people’s lives?

The people living high up in the mountains have to adapt to the thin air so peoples lungs adapt and grow bigger to have more room for oxygen. People who live in the higher zones wear thick clothing that is usually black and the people in the lower zones wear thin white clothing in which they will stay cool.

How does the Andes mountains affect the climate of South America?

The Andes have a direct mechanical influence on the climatology of South America by forcing orographic precipitation along the eastern flanks of the Andes, and blocking westerly flow from the Pacific.

How has the Andes mountains changed over time?

It’s been understood that the Andes mountain range has been growing as the Nazca oceanic plate slips underneath the South American continental plate, causing the Earth’s crust to shorten (by folding and faulting) and thicken.

What are the effects of the Andes mountains?

Climate of the Andes

Because the Andes act as a large wall between the Pacific Ocean and the continent, they have a tremendous impact on climate in the region. The northern part of the Andes is typically rainy and warm, and the weather is also wet in the eastern part of central Andes, and the area to the southwest.

What are three ways humans have affected the landscape of South America?

Urbanization and industrialization are also destroying the unique biomes of South America. The Amazon rain forest is being burned at a rate of one acre every second. Trees are harvested for the timber industry, while the plains of the rain forest are turned into ranches, farms, and towns.

What negative effects do the Andes mountains cause?

Population pressure and migration are deforestation drivers caused by the increasing need for new and greater areas for agricultural production and an increasing demand for food, water and energy by large populations in distant urban centers as well as in Amazonian communities.

What indigenous people settled in the Andes mountains mainly Peru?

Most Quechua people live in the Peruvian Andes, though there are other Quechua communities in Bolivia and Ecuador as well. The Quechua people predate the Incan Empire, and their way of life continued on long after the empire fell. The Quechua people are the largest indigenous group in South America today.

How the people of the Andes evolved to live in high altitudes?

DNA analysis suggests genes for heart muscle development, starch digestion played a role. Scarce oxygen, cold temperatures, and intense ultraviolet radiation make the Andes a tough place to live.

Why is Andes mountains important for South America?

The Andes is the source of the astounding Amazon River

The mountains act as a wall which blocks frigid Pacific winds, and this has created the arid landscapes of the western side of the Andes (like the Atacama Desert) and the tropical lusciousness of the eastern slopes, like in the Amazon rainforest.

Which of the following has had the greatest impact on South America’s physical geography?

Which of the following has had the greatest impact on South America’s physical geography? cordilleras. You just studied 10 terms!

How do the Andes differ from north to south?

The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 °C (64 °F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances.

How did the Andes mountains affect the Incas?

Andes Mountains: The Andes Mountains, home of the Inca civilization, ran north to south. The mountains dominated Inca society. The mountain peaks were worshiped as gods. The Andes created a natural barrier between the coastal desert on one side and the jungle on the other.

How do mountains affect climate?

How do mountains affect temperature? The temperature gets colder the higher up the mountain you go. This is because as the altitude increases, the air becomes thinner and is less able to absorb and retain heat. The cooler the temperature the less evaporation there is, so there is more moisture in the air too.

What is the relationship between altitude and climate in the Andes?

What is the relationship between altitude and climate in the Andes? The higher the altitude the cooler the temperature. Also, the oxygen is thin.

Why is biodiversity decreasing in the Tropical Andes?

Although there are several other factors that threaten life and biodiversity in the Tropical Andes—including the introduction of invasive species, unsustainable agricultural practices, and illegal drug production—population growth, urbanization, and resource extraction are the three most critical threats to life in the …

How does deforestation affect the Andes mountains?

In the Andes the projected life-span and capacity of Ecuador’s largest dam and hydroelectric generator (Paute) has been reduced by half due to sedimentation caused by deforestation in its watershed. During dry years electricity shortages in Ecuador’s major cities are a result.

Which is true about the Andes mountain of South America?

The Andes consist of a vast series of extremely high plateaus surmounted by even higher peaks that form an unbroken rampart over a distance of some 5,500 miles (8,900 kilometres)—from the southern tip of South America to the continent’s northernmost coast on the Caribbean.

Why are the Andes mountains important to the Amazon rainforest?

The zone where the Amazon rainforest meets the Andes mountains is the most biodiverse place on Earth. Large amounts of rainfall and altitudinal gradients create a variety of microclimates and niches that are exploited by a wide range of species.

How were the Andes mountains in South America formed?

The Andes were formed by tectonic activity whereby earth is uplifted as one plate (oceanic crust) subducts under another plate (continental crust). To get such a high mountain chain in a subduction zone setting is unusual which adds to the importance of trying to figure out when and how it happened.

What type of fault are the Andes mountains?

It is a major fault with crustal significance. The Andes Mountain belt trends with respect to the Nazca Plate/South American Plate convergence zone, and deformation is divided between the Precordilleran thrust faults and the El Tigre strike-slip motion. The El Tigre Fault is currently seismically active.

How has Latin America’s mountainous terrain affected the region?

How has Latin America’s mountainous terrain affected the region? The region has been able to transform into the center of agriculture in the Western Hemisphere. The region has been able to unify politically and extend equal rights to all peoples.

What is the human impact on South America?

By 2018, 713 Mha, or 40%, of the South American landmass was impacted by human activity. Since 1985, the area of natural tree cover decreased by 16%, and pasture, cropland, and plantation land uses increased by 23, 160, and 288%, respectively.

What has made settlement along the Pacific coast of South America difficult?

The Andes Mountains have made settlement along the Pacific coast more difficult. They are a barrier to movement from the coast into the interior. As a result, more settlement in South America has occurred along the eastern and northern coasts. Highlands are the mountainous or hilly sections of a country.

What ancient civilization lived in the Andes mountains?

Peru. Chavín was one of the earliest civilizations in the Andes, in the north-central highlands of Peru. Origins of the great architectural complex at Chavín de Huántar date as early as 1,200 BCE. Located at an elevation of 3,150 metres (10,330 feet), the site comprises plazas, public buildings and domestic structures.

Who lived in the Andes mountains of South America?

The Quechua and Aymara Indians of the Andes mountains are the largest group of Indians still existent in the New World. Approximately 28 million Indians and mestizos (persons of mixed Spanish and Indian descent) live along the Pacific coast and in the Andean highlands.

How are Andes adapted to their environment?

In the Andes people have also adapted their daily routine to their climate. People wear light clothes in the Tierra Caliente, while people in higher zones wear thicker clothes. People have also have adapted their bodies, too. In the Tierra Fria people have lungs that are larger due to the thin air.

Do people living in mountains have bigger lungs?

In order to reduce the excessive ventilation of the lungs, indigenous people at high altitude have a larger lung capacity and 21–28% lower residual capacity than those living at low altitude¹¹⁾.

How many mountains make up the Andes?

It consists of three mountain ranges that lie parallel to one another: the Cordillera Occidental, Cordillera Central and the Cordillera Oriental.

Where did the pueblos settle?

Pueblo Indians, North American Indian peoples known for living in compact permanent settlements known as pueblos. Representative of the Southwest Indian culture area, most live in northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico.

How does high altitude affect the body?

At high altitudes, oxygen molecules are further apart because there is less pressure to “push” them together. This effectively means there are fewer oxygen molecules in the same volume of air as we inhale. In scientific studies, this is often referred to as “hypoxia”.

What is it like to live in the Andes mountains?

In the Andes it is pretty hard to live there.It has really low oxygen.So the kids usually do chores. They only really eat crops and farming animals. The houses on stills are very helpful in the Andes.So now you more about the Andes mountains.

Which is the longest mountain in the world?

Rank	Range	Max. elevation
1	Andes	6,962 m (22,841 ft)
2	Southern Great Escarpment	3,482 m (11,424 ft)
3	Rocky Mountains	4,401 m (14,439 ft)
4	Transantarctic Mountains	4,528 m (14,856 ft)

How did the Incas survive in the mountains?

They developed resilient breeds of crops such as potatoes, quinoa and corn. They built cisterns and irrigation canals that snaked and angled down and around the mountains. And they cut terraces into the hillsides, progressively steeper, from the valleys up the slopes.

How did the Inca government united empire in the Andes mountains?

By 1400, the Inca began extending their rule across the Andes. Eventually, the Incas ruled an empire covering much of present-day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile. The Incas built roads stretching over ten thousand miles to unite their vast empire.

Why did the Inca settle in the Cuzco Valley?

Inca origins and expansion

In some mythical tales, the Inca was created by the sun god, Inti who sent his son, Manco Capac to Earth. Legend has it that he first killed his brothers and then led his sisters into a valley near Cuzco, where they settled down around 1200 A.D., according to History.com.

Are parallel sets of mountain ranges within the Andes mountains?

South America: Andes

In Peru and Bolivia, the mountains form two parallel ranges that create a wide plateau known as the altiplano. The Andes then form a single range that separates Chile from Argentina.

What type of climate can be found in the mountains of South America?

Highland climate zones vary from moderate to cold, depending on elevation. Other factors influence highland climates, such as wind, sunlight, and landscape. Highland climates are found in the mountains of Mexico and South America.

Which country has the southernmost capital in South America?

Montevideo, Uruguay — Puentes. As the southernmost capital city in the Americas, Montevideo has pleasant weather year-round, and it is ranked first for quality of life in Latin America, according to Mercer’s report.

How do the Andes mountains affect the climate of South America?

Because the Andes act as a large wall between the Pacific Ocean and the continent, they have a tremendous impact on climate in the region. The northern part of the Andes is typically rainy and warm, and the weather is also wet in the eastern part of central Andes, and the area to the southwest.

How do Andes influence the climate of South America?

The Andes have a direct mechanical influence on the climatology of South America by forcing orographic precipitation along the eastern flanks of the Andes, and blocking westerly flow from the Pacific.

How do the Andes mountains affect humans?

The Andes always have been a formidable barrier for communication, with great effect on the economic and cultural development of the region. Production centres generally are far from seaports, and the mountainous character of the land makes the construction and maintenance of railways and roads difficult and expensive.

How do mountains affect rainfall distribution?

Mountains can have a significant effect on rainfall. When air reaches the mountains, it is forced to rise over this barrier. As the air moves up the windward side of a mountain, it cools, and the volume decreases. As a result, humidity increases and orographic clouds and precipitation can develop.

What problems do mountains cause?

A new U.N. report finds that mountains and the societies that call them home face their own suite of climate challenges. They include temperature and precipitation extremes, which in turn can trigger avalanches, flooding, drought and wildfire.

How do the mountain ranges affect the climate of North America?

Answer. Mountains can affect the climate of nearby lands. In some areas, mountains block rain, so that one side of amountain range may be rainy and the other side may be a dry and arid. … Mountains affect climate by blocking wind and receiving more rainfall than low-lying areas.

Why do coastal portions of the region have the highest population density?

Because of the economic benefits that accrue from access to ocean navigation, coastal fisheries, tourism and recreation, human settlements are often more concentrated in the coastal zone than elsewhere. Presently about 40% of the world’s population lives within 100 kilometers of the coast.

What climate do the Andes mountains have?

However, in general it has a high mountain climate. The northern part of the Andes is rainy and warm. The southern part is rainy and cold and the central part is very dry. The mountains have a large influence on the climate in the surrounding areas; especially in the interior where the Andes borders the rainforest.

Where is the treeline in the Andes mountains?

One of the highest treelines in the world is at 4810 m above sea level on the Sajama Volcano in the central Andes.

How has the Andes Mountains changed over time?

It’s been understood that the Andes mountain range has been growing as the Nazca oceanic plate slips underneath the South American continental plate, causing the Earth’s crust to shorten (by folding and faulting) and thicken.

How is climate change affecting the Tropical Andes?

Climate change has differentiated impacts on tropical Andean species, causing many of them to move uphill, increasing the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases and accelerating local extinction risk.

What negative effects do the Andes mountains cause?

Population pressure and migration are deforestation drivers caused by the increasing need for new and greater areas for agricultural production and an increasing demand for food, water and energy by large populations in distant urban centers as well as in Amazonian communities.

How does hunting affect the Andes Mountains?

Hunting as a subsistence strategy, particularly the hunting of deer and camelids, was of prime importance in the development of early Andean culture ; first because hunting formed one of the principal means by which man took possession of and adapted to the ecologically vertical environment of the Andes, and secondly …

Which geographical process caused the Andes Mountains?

The Andes were formed by tectonic activity whereby Earth is uplifted as one plate (oceanic crust) subducts under another plate (continental crust). To get such a high mountain chain in a subduction zone setting is unusual, which adds to the importance of trying to figure out when and how it happened.

Which mountain range runs along the western coast of South America?

The Andes are the world’s longest continental mountain range, about 9,000 km in all. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America, along that route, they cross through Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia .

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