How did scientists originally view the idea of an expanding universe?

Cosmological constant and the Friedmann equations

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The observations of Edwin Hubble in 1929 suggested that distant galaxies were all apparently moving away from us, so that many scientists came to accept that the universe was expanding.

When did scientists realize the universe was expanding?

In 1929, Edwin Hubble, an astronomer at Caltech, made a critical discovery that soon led to scientific answers for these questions: he discovered that the universe is expanding.

What scientist said the universe was expanding?

In the 1920s, astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered the universe was not static. Rather, it was expanding; a find that revealed the universe was apparently born in a Big Bang. After that, it was long thought the gravity of matter in the universe was certain to slow the expansion of the universe.

What caused the universe to expand?

The energy from the Big Bang drove the universe’s early expansion. Since then, gravity and dark energy have engaged in a cosmic tug of war. Gravity pulls galaxies closer together; dark energy pushes them apart. Whether the universe is expanding or contracting depends on which force dominates, gravity or dark energy.

How can the universe be infinite and expanding?

It is also possible that our universe is infinite. In both examples, groups of galaxies completely fill the universe and are moving apart at all points making the universe expand (see question 2).

How did scientist originally view the idea of expanding universe?

Cosmological constant and the Friedmann equations

The observations of Edwin Hubble in 1929 suggested that distant galaxies were all apparently moving away from us, so that many scientists came to accept that the universe was expanding.

How do scientists estimate the age of the universe?

Astronomers estimate the age of the universe in two ways: 1) by looking for the oldest stars; and 2) by measuring the rate of expansion of the universe and extrapolating back to the Big Bang; just as crime detectives can trace the origin of a bullet from the holes in a wall.

What occurs as the universe expands quizlet?

The expansion of the universe means that galaxies are spread apart by the expansion of space between them, rather than galaxies speeding through space to spread apart like an explosion.

Which statement accurately describes the origin and expansion of the universe?

Which statement accurately describes the origin and expansion of the universe? As the universe continues to expand, it gradually gets warmer. Galaxies that are farther away are moving away more slowly.

Why do astronomers think that the universe is expanding quizlet?

Why do astronomers believe the Universe is expanding? They see a redshift in the spectral lines of distant galaxies. What is the cosmic horizon? The distance beyond which astronomical objects are invisible — even in principle — because the Universe is not old enough for their light to have had time to reach us.

What causes the universe to accelerate its expansion quizlet?

Dark energy is the name given to whatever might be causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

How do scientists estimate how old the universe is quizlet?

How do scientists estimate the age of the universe? its speed of recession (time = distance/velocity).

How do scientists use telescopes to study the origins of the universe?

Modern telescopes like NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, provide evidence of billions of galaxies, each containing billions of stars like our sun. Some new telescopes allow us to study objects in the universe by detecting the heat or radio waves or X-rays they emit.

What was formed as the universe expanded and cooled down?

As the universe expanded, the temperature dropped. Eventually the universe cooled enough to allow quarks and gluons to condense into nucleons, which subsequently formed hydrogen and helium. Interstellar space is still filled with remnants of this primordial hydrogen and helium.

What would most likely cause the future acceleration of the expansion of the universe?

The most likely cause of the future acceleration expansion of the universe is the continued extension of dark energy. Explanation: 1. Dark energy is a term that describes a mysterious form of energy responsible for the large scale effects most importantly the effects on expansion of the universe.

Which of the following most accurately describes the expansion of the universe?

Q. Which of the following best describes the expansion of the universe? As space expands, matter spreads out to fill up the empty space.

What statement accurately describes the universe?

The universe consists of all physical objects on Earth and in space. The universe consists of all matter and energy.

What do scientists know about the future of the universe what dark matter is made of Brainly?

Answer. Answer: Most scientists think that dark matter is composed of non-baryonic matter. The lead candidate, WIMPS (weakly interacting massive particles), have ten to a hundred times the mass of a proton, but their weak interactions with “normal” matter make them difficult to detect.

What do astronomers mean when they say that the universe is flat What are the other possibilities quizlet?

What do astronomers mean when they say that the Universe is flat? What are the other possibilities? Flat Universe is a universe that extends forever with no curvature. Its total energy is zero. It could possibly be curved but only seem flat to us just like how we see the earth on a small scale.

What evidence do astronomers have that the universe is expanding?

When looking at the radiation emitted by distant stars or galaxies, scientists see emission spectra ‘shifted’ towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum—the observed wavelengths are longer than expected. Something causes the wavelength of the radiation to ‘stretch’.

Why do astronomers think that the early universe was hot and dense?

Why do astronomers believe the early Universe was hot and dense? The amount of helium in stars implies that the early Universe was hot enough to fuse some hydrogen into helium.

What part of the composition of the universe acts to speed up and maintain expansion despite gravity quizlet?

Dark matter is the unseen mass whose gravity governs the observed motions of stars and gas clouds. Dark energy is what causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Why do scientists suspect that most of our galaxy’s mass consists of dark matter?

Dark matter is inferred to exist because: we can observe its gravitational influence on visible matter. Dark energy has been hypothesized to exist in order to explain: observations suggesting that the expansion of the universe is accelerating.

What are the four possible expansion patterns of the universe?

#14 describe and compare the four general patterns for the expansion of the universe: recollapsing, critical, coasting and accelerating.

What was formed as the universe expanded and cooled down quizlet?

Created shortly after the universe came into being in the bigg bang. As the universe expanded and cooled down, some of the elements that we see today were created. The big bang theory predicts how much of each element was created in the early universe.

How do scientists know that dark matter exists?

We can detect the dark matter through gravitational lensing, which detects shifts in light produced by distant celestial objects [5]. The bright spots outside the colored areas are stars and galaxies that are not part of the Bullet Cluster (Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/CfA/ M.

How do we estimate the age of the universe chegg?

In Physical Cosmology, the age of universe is the total time elapsed since the Big Bang has occurred. This is calculated by estimating the expansion rate of the universe i.e. by calculating the rate at which the galaxies are moving away from us and then back tracking to a point when the Big Bang occurred.

How do scientists use the EM spectrum to learn about the universe?

Astronomers use a number of telescopes sensitive to different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to study objects in space. Even though all light is fundamentally the same thing, the way that astronomers observe light depends on the portion of the spectrum they wish to study.

How do scientists gain information about the properties of distant stars in the universe?

The most common method astronomers use to determine the composition of stars, planets, and other objects is spectroscopy. Today, this process uses instruments with a grating that spreads out the light from an object by wavelength. This spread-out light is called a spectrum.

Which is currently the most supported theory about the future of the universe quizlet?

Which is currently the most supported theory about the future of the universe? The universe may continue to expand.

Which compresses the history of the universe into a single year about when did Earth form?

On the cosmic calendar, which compresses the history of the universe into a single year, about when did Earth form? Early September; The cosmic calendar compresses the 14-billion-year history of the universe into 1 year, which means that each month represents about 1.2 billion years.

How do scientists study space?

They observe space using telescopes and instruments that are located on Earth or in space. Based on their observations, they elaborate or fine-tune theories, design experiments to be conducted, and develop advanced instruments in an effort to better understand our universe.

What led astronomers believe in existence of dark matter?

The phenomenon is called gravitational lensing. By studying how light is distorted by galaxy clusters, astronomers have been able to create a map of dark matter in the universe. A vast majority of the astronomical community today accepts that dark matter exists.

What major factor determines the future of the universe Why?

The fate of the universe is determined by its density. The preponderance of evidence to date, based on measurements of the rate of expansion and the mass density, favors a universe that will continue to expand indefinitely, resulting in the “Big Freeze” scenario below.

What causes the universe to expand?

The energy from the Big Bang drove the universe’s early expansion. Since then, gravity and dark energy have engaged in a cosmic tug of war. Gravity pulls galaxies closer together; dark energy pushes them apart. Whether the universe is expanding or contracting depends on which force dominates, gravity or dark energy.

Why is the universe expanding faster?

Inhomogeneities in the early universe cause the formation of walls and bubbles, where the inside of a bubble has less matter than on average. According to general relativity, space is less curved than on the walls, and thus appears to have more volume and a higher expansion rate.

What occurs as the universe expands quizlet?

The expansion of the universe means that galaxies are spread apart by the expansion of space between them, rather than galaxies speeding through space to spread apart like an explosion.

Which statement accurately describes the influence of the Petition of Right?

Answer: The fight to uphold the Petition of Right led to the king’s execution and the abolishment of the monarchy.

Which is one piece of information that astronomers?

Which is one piece of information that astronomers use to calculate the age of the universe? Patterns of background radiation.

Which statement accurately describes the inner planets?

Which statement accurately describes the inner planets? The inner planets are also called terrestrial planets.

How do scientists know that the universe is expanding quizlet?

The redshift in the light coming from distant galaxies provides evidence that all parts of the Universe are expanding. The further away from Earth a galaxy is… The faster it is moving away from us.

How did astronomers determine that the universe is expanding quizlet?

How did astronomers determine that the universe is expanding? The lights emanating from other galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way, which we can detect as the shift of the galaxies’ spectral lines toward the red end of the spectrum.

Why do astronomers think that the universe is expanding quizlet?

Why do astronomers believe the Universe is expanding? They see a redshift in the spectral lines of distant galaxies. What is the cosmic horizon? The distance beyond which astronomical objects are invisible — even in principle — because the Universe is not old enough for their light to have had time to reach us.

How do astronomers estimate the approximate age of the universe?

Astronomers estimate the age of the universe in two ways: 1) by looking for the oldest stars; and 2) by measuring the rate of expansion of the universe and extrapolating back to the Big Bang; just as crime detectives can trace the origin of a bullet from the holes in a wall.

What can offer great insight into the origin and evolution of the universe?

The cosmic microwave background is the afterglow radiation left over from the hot Big Bang. Its temperature is extremely uniform all over the sky. However, tiny temperature variations or fluctuations (at the part per million level) can offer great insight into the origin, evolution, and content of the universe.

How is it known that active galaxies have small core regions?

Their spectra show immense redshifts. Why do we think that active galaxies have small core regions? Their light varies rapidly, implying small radius.

What is meant by the age of the universe How old is the universe How is its age found quizlet?

How is the age found? When we talk about the age of the Universe, we are refering to how long ago the universe started (Big Bang). Current understanding indicates an age of 13.7 billion years.

What is meant by the age of the universe?

In physical cosmology, the age of the universe is the time elapsed since the Big Bang.

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