How did Planters regain control of the land and labor in the South?

To regain their control of land and labor, Southern planters turned to two systems that kept African Americans under their control. One system was known as sharecropping. To survive, many former slaves became sharecroppers. Sharecropping is a system in which landowners give a few acres of land to their farmworkers.

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How did the Civil War affect planter families quizlet?

How did the Civil War affect planter families? For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor. The northern vision of the reconstruction-era southern economy included all of the following EXCEPT: the labor system would be as close to slavery as possible, thereby assuring high productivity.

How did Republicans gain control of all the new southern state governments when the South was largely democratic?

How did Republicans gain control of all the new southern state governments when the South was largely Democratic? Freedmen’s votes outnumbered those of white voters. they had not previously been allowed to vote in the North.

How did the failure of land reform and continued poverty lead to new forms of servitude for both blacks and whites?

How did the failure of land reform and continued poverty lead to new forms of servitude for both blacks and whites? Improvements in wages, and work conditions African American were not able get better jobs even on plantations because they had a wish to own land and was not getting it.

How did the South rebuild after the Civil War?

Among the other achievements of Reconstruction were the South’s first state-funded public school systems, more equitable taxation legislation, laws against racial discrimination in public transport and accommodations and ambitious economic development programs (including aid to railroads and other enterprises).

How did white Southerners plan to restore the Old South?

White Southerners planned to restore the ”old South” by establishing new state governments that looked much like the old ones. They passed black codes that limited the civil rights of black citizens. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 laid out the process for readmitting Southern states into the Union.

Why did Southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments?

Why did southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments? Reconstruction governments were corrupt. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks’ equality. Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped.

What happened to Southern plantations after the Civil War?

Many plantations were simply abandoned as the owners were now destitute. They either sold what property they could and moved into the cities, out West, or even out of the Country. Many were purchased by “carpetbaggers” and others who had gained wealth recently or by smart financial decisions.

How did Radical Republicans gain control of Reconstruction politics?

Radical Republicans won over two-thirds of the seats in the House of Representatives and the Senate. They now had the power to override Johnson’s vetoes and pass the Civil Rights Act and the bill to extend the Freedmen’s Bureau, and they did so immediately. Congress had now taken charge of the South’s reconstruction.

What major challenges did the federal government face in reconstructing the South?

The most difficult task confronting many Southerners during Reconstruction was devising a new system of labor to replace the shattered world of slavery. The economic lives of planters, former slaves, and nonslaveholding whites, were transformed after the Civil War.

How was the planter class endangering freedom?

According to the position from the freedmen to President Andrew Johnson, how was the planter class endangering freedom? They tried to limit economic opportunity.

What was the crop lien system quizlet?

The crop-lien system was a way for farmers to get credit before the planting season by borrowing against the value for anticipated harvests. Local merchants provided food and supplies all year long on credit; when the cotton crop was harvested farmers turned it over to the merchant to pay back their loan.

What were the main factors in both the North and South for the overthrow of Reconstruction quizlet?

What were the main factors, in both the North and the South, for the abandonment of Reconstruction? The southern states “redeemed” and by 1872 almost all southern whites regained suffrage and worked as a majority to overthrow the republicans.

What is waving the bloody shirt called?

“Waving the bloody shirt” and “bloody shirt campaign” were pejorative phrases, used during American election campaigns in the 19th century, to deride opposing politicians who made emotional calls to avenge the blood of soldiers that died in the Civil War.

What was the most important part of Reconstruction and why?

Ultimately, the most important part of Reconstruction was the push to secure rights for former slaves. Radical Republicans, aware that newly freed slaves would face insidious racism, passed a series of progressive laws and amendments in Congress that protected blacks’ rights under federal and constitutional law.

How did ownership of land change in the South during Reconstruction quizlet?

How did ownership of land change in the South during Reconstruction? Most black people and some white people worked for wages or as tenants on someone else’s land. About 20 percent of black people obtained their own land. Fewer white people owned land.

How did plantations change after the Civil War?

After the Civil War, sharecropping and tenant farming took the place of slavery and the plantation system in the South. Sharecropping and tenant farming were systems in which white landlords (often former plantation slaveowners) entered into contracts with impoverished farm laborers to work their lands.

What happened plantation land?

The Civil War had harsh economic ramifications on Southern farms and plantations. Much of the land had been ravaged by war, the livestock slaughtered or stolen, and the crops taken or destroyed.

What was the reconstruction of the south?

The Reconstruction era was the period after the American Civil War from 1865 to 1877, during which the United States grappled with the challenges of reintegrating into the Union the states that had seceded and determining the legal status of African Americans.

What happened to the planter class after the Civil War?

The disaster of war decimated the planters; the bitter disappointment and frustration led to a tremendous mortality after the war, and from 1870 on the planter class merged their blood so completely with the rising poor whites that they disappeared as a separate aristocracy.

How did the South rejoin the Union?

To gain admittance to the Union, Congress required Southern states to draft new constitutions guaranteeing African-American men the right to vote. The constitutions also had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, which granted African Americans equal protection under the law.

What ended Reconstruction in the South?

The Compromise of 1877 was an informal agreement between southern Democrats and allies of the Republican Rutherford Hayes to settle the result of the 1876 presidential election and marked the end of the Reconstruction era.

Why was Frederick Douglass’s perspective on the question Who is an American?

According to the video, why was Frederick Douglass’s perspective on the question, “Who is an American?” considered radical for the time? He believed people of all races and national origins could become good Americans. List the following events of Reconstruction in chronological order.

Why did Andrew Johnson oppose spending money on helping the freed slaves?

The reason Andrew Johnson gave for opposing funding to help freed slaves was that it was too expensive and that they had already sent a lot of money. The first Johnson document is a campaign speech.

Which of the following choices correctly describes former slaves landownership?

Which of the following choices correctly describe former slaves’ views of landownership during this era? –They were entitled to land because of their unpaid labor. -It allowed for the development of black communities independent of white control. Why was education so important to freed blacks during this era?

What did Radical Republicans want from the Southern states?

Radical Republicans believed that African Americans deserved immediate freedom from bondage and should receive the same rights as whites. Radical Republicans favored granting civil rights to African Americans for various reasons. Some radicals truly believed that African Americans were equals to the whites.

Why did the radical Republicans want to punish the South?

The Radical Republicans believed blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as whites. They also believed that the Confederate leaders should be punished for their roles in the Civil War.

What were the biggest challenges facing the post Reconstruction South?

The biggest challenge of the post-Reconstruction South was maintaining a constant subservient workforce, giving birth to the sharecropping system. Keeping African Americans in their ‘place’ was another ‘challenge’. This was why Jim Crow laws were created.

What major changes faced the federal government in reconstructing the South after the Civil War during the period from 1865 to 1877?

What major challenges faced the federal government in reconstructing the South after the Civil War during the period from 1865 to 1877? With the defeat of the confederacy and the passage of the 13th amendment. The federal government had to develop policies to address a number of questions.

How did the Civil War affect planter families quizlet?

How did the Civil War affect planter families? For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor. The northern vision of the reconstruction-era southern economy included all of the following EXCEPT: the labor system would be as close to slavery as possible, thereby assuring high productivity.

What were the social and political effects of Radical Reconstruction in the South?

Following Reconstruction, Southern state governments systematically stripped African- Americans of their basic political and civil rights. Literacy Tests. Many freedmen, lacking a formal education, could not pass these reading and writing tests. As a result, they were barred from voting.

What three problems did the Reconstruction plan solve?

What problems did Reconstruction resolve? Reconstruction solved problems like job oppertunities for newly freed slaves, provided an education and a role in the government. The Fifteenth Amendment changed the U.S. Constitution by… Prohibiting racial qualifications for voting.

What did Andrew Johnson do with the land of plantation owners seized during the Civil War group of answer choices?

What did Andrew Johnson do with the land of plantation owners seized during the Civil War? He returned it to the original owners.

How do the two maps of the Barrow plantation demonstrate?

The two maps of the Barrow Plantation demonstrate: the African-American commitment to education. The Fifteenth Amendment: sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.

Who won the 1868 presidential election?

The 1868 United States presidential election was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868. In the first election of the Reconstruction Era, Republican nominee Ulysses S. Grant defeated Horatio Seymour of the Democratic Party.

What role did the election of 1866 play in shaping reconstruction?

What role did the election of 1866 play in shaping Reconstruction? It gave the Radical Republicans a veto-proof majority in Congress. were tired of corruption and incompetence.

What did redeemers do?

Redeemers wanted to reduce state debts. Once in power, they typically cut government spending; shortened legislative sessions; lowered politicians’ salaries; scaled back public aid to railroads and corporations; and reduced support for the new systems of public education and some welfare institutions.

How did the system of sharecropping affect landowners and laborers in South?

Answer: The system often trapped laborers in a cycle of debt and dependence while allowing landowners to profit from laborers’ hard work.

How did the crop-lien system work?

The crop-lien system was a way for farmers, mostly black, to get credit before the planting season by borrowing against the value of anticipated harvests. Local merchants provided food and supplies all year long on credit; when the cotton crop was harvested farmers turned it over to the merchant to pay back their loan.

Why did southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments?

Why did southern planters and merchants oppose Reconstruction and the new state governments? Reconstruction governments were corrupt. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks’ equality. Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped.

Why did ownership of land and control of labor?

Why did ownership of land and control of labor become major points of contention between former slaves and whites in the south? Land-slaves idea’s regarding land ownership was to build up free of white control. African American deserved land for the following reasons they kept the land alive.

How did Reconstruction change the South?

Among the other achievements of Reconstruction were the South’s first state-funded public school systems, more equitable taxation legislation, laws against racial discrimination in public transport and accommodations and ambitious economic development programs (including aid to railroads and other enterprises).

Did Reconstruction successfully solve problems caused by slavery and the Civil War?

Reconstruction was a success. power of the 14th and 15th Amendments. Amendments, which helped African Americans to attain full civil rights in the 20th century. Despite the loss of ground that followed Reconstruction, African Americans succeeded in carving out a measure of independence within Southern society.

What were the main factors in both the North and South for the overthrow of Reconstruction quizlet?

What were the main factors, in both the North and the South, for the abandonment of Reconstruction? The southern states “redeemed” and by 1872 almost all southern whites regained suffrage and worked as a majority to overthrow the republicans.

What was done to help quell the violence that broke out in the South in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War quizlet?

What was done to help quell the violence that broke out in the South in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War? Little effort was made to stop the violence. Who attended the 1864 Syracuse Convention?

What happened to Southern plantations after the Civil War?

Many plantations were simply abandoned as the owners were now destitute. They either sold what property they could and moved into the cities, out West, or even out of the Country. Many were purchased by “carpetbaggers” and others who had gained wealth recently or by smart financial decisions.

How did the South recover after the Civil War?

The Union did a lot to help the South during the Reconstruction. They rebuilt roads, got farms running again, and built schools for poor and black children. Eventually the economy in the South began to recover. Some northerners moved to the South during the Reconstruction to try and make money off of the rebuilding.

What happened to the Southern plantation?

With the collapse of the plantation economy and subsequent Southern transition from a largely agrarian to an industrial society, plantations and their building complexes became obsolete. Although the majority have been destroyed, the most common structures to have survived are the plantation houses.

What happened to plantations during the Civil War?

The Civil War had harsh economic ramifications on Southern farms and plantations. Much of the land had been ravaged by war, the livestock slaughtered or stolen, and the crops taken or destroyed.

How did Labor change after the Civil War?

Out of the conflicts on the plantations, new systems of labor slowly emerged to take the place of slavery. Sharecropping dominated the cotton and tobacco South, while wage labor was the rule on sugar plantations. Increasingly, both white and black farmers came to depend on local merchants for credit.

What was the impact of plantation agriculture on the land?

What was the impact of plantation agriculture on the land? Plantation agriculture resulted in concentrated slave areas. As plantations were relatively distant from each other, relatives were separated with no ability to meet.

How did the Southern states regain their constitutional rights?

The Reconstruction Acts established military rule over Southern states until new governments could be formed. They also limited some former Confederate officials’ and military officers’ rights to vote and to run for public office.

When did Southern states rejoin the Union?

The former Confederate states began rejoining the Union in 1868, with Georgia being the last state to be readmitted, on July 15, 1870; it had rejoined the Union two years earlier but had been expelled in 1869 after removing African Americans from the state legislature.

What systems replaced the plantation system in the South?

What systems replaced the plantation system in the South? Sharecropping and tenant farming.

What happened in the South after Reconstruction ended?

The end of Reconstruction was a staggered process, and the period of Republican control ended at different times in different states. With the Compromise of 1877, army intervention in the South ceased and Republican control collapsed in the last three state governments in the South.

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