How can the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite when it is in an elliptical orbit but not when it is in a circular orbit?

Therefore, the force changes the direction of the satellite, but not its speed. The gravitational force changes the speed of a satellite in elliptical orbit because there is a component of the force in the direction of the satellite’s motion.

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Why does the speed of a satellite in circular orbit not change?

Acceleration (as in F=ma ) implies a change of velocity but not necessarily of speed. A circular orbit is the orbit which is exactly balanced so that the speed never changes.

How does the force of gravity keep a satellite in orbit?

The Short Answer:

Gravity—combined with the satellite’s momentum from its launch into space—cause the satellite to go into orbit above Earth, instead of falling back down to the ground.

Why will the speed of a projectile following Earth’s curvature not be changed by gravity?

The force of gravity on a projectile acts only vertically, hence only the vertical component of a projectile changes with time. There is no component of gravity in the horizontal direction, hence horizontal motion is constant.

What’s the minimum speed for orbiting the earth in close orbit?

8 km/s is the minimum speed for orbiting the Earth in a close orbit. 11.2km/s is the maximum speed an object can orbit the Earth. Above 11.2 km/s and the object will escape the Earth.

Why does the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit quizlet?

Why does the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit? Gravity slows the satellite as it moves away and speeds it up on its return.

How does gravity affect orbit?

Gravity is what holds the planets in orbit around the sun and what keeps the moon in orbit around Earth. The gravitational pull of the moon pulls the seas towards it, causing the ocean tides.

Why does the force of gravity change the speed of satellite?

The gravitational force changes the speed of a satellite in elliptical orbit because there is a component of the force in the direction of the satellite’s motion. (a) The speed of a planet is going to be a maximum where its kinetic energy is maximum.

How does the force of gravity determine the motion of planets and satellites?

The force of gravity acts upon a high speed satellite to deviate its trajectory from a straight-line inertial path. Indeed, a satellite is accelerating towards the Earth due to the force of gravity. Finally, a satellite does fall towards the Earth; only it never falls into the Earth.

How do you find the speed of a satellite in orbit?

Definition: Orbital Speed Equation—Circular Orbit

In the special case of a circular orbit, an object’s orbital speed, , is given by the equation =  , where is the universal gravitational constant, is the mass of the large object at the center of the orbit, and is the orbital radius.

Why is the speed constant in a circular orbit?

As an object moves in a circle, it is constantly changing its direction. At all instances, the object is moving tangent to the circle. Since the direction of the velocity vector is the same as the direction of the object’s motion, the velocity vector is directed tangent to the circle as well.

Does speed of satellite remain constant in an orbit explain?

If the orbital path of a satellite is circular, then its speed is constant and if the orbital path of a satellite is elliptical one, then its speed in its orbit is not constant. In that case its areal velocity is constant.

How does Earth’s curvature relate to the speed needed for a projectile to orbit Earth?

How does Earth’s curvature relate to the speed needed for a projectile to orbit around Earth? An object falls about 5 m in the 1st second on free fall, the Earth curves downward 5 meters every 8000 meters so if the object is traveling 8000 m/s or 8 km/s it will never hit the earth.

When a satellite is in orbit around the Earth the force of gravity on the satellite?

When a satellite is in circular orbit, gravity is the only force acting on it, which means that the centripetal force and gravity must be equal: Fc = Fg .

Why does a horizontally moving projectile have to have a large speed to become an Earth satellite?

Because it needs to be at a speed that the earth will have turned by the time it stops moving. Any object that moves through the air or through space under the influence of gravity. You just studied 22 terms!

What happens if a planet falls out of orbit?

In other words, anything on the Earth’s leading side would fly off into space, continuing along the Earth’s orbital path around the sun. Anything on the trailing side would be pulverized against the Earth. It would be a horrible, gooey mess.

Why does the speed of a satellite moving in a circular orbit remain constant whereas speed varies in an elliptical orbit?

The speed of the satellite doesn’t change because there is no component of gravitational force in the direction of its motion.

Why does the force of gravity do no work on a satellite in circular orbit?

To move is rather maintaining. That uniform. Circular motion, however, is acting in a direction that is perpendicular to the satellites motion, and therefore it does no work on the satellite itself. And so that would be our answer for part B.

Does Earth’s orbital speed change?

Because of its elliptical orbit, it is moving faster when closest and slowest when farthest, but its rotation rate is constant.

Why is work done by the force of gravity on a satellite in an elliptical orbit but no work is done on a satellite in a circular orbit?

Why is work done by the force of gravity on a satellite when it moves from one part of an elliptical orbit to another, but no work is involved when it moves from one part of circular orbit to another? When there is an elliptical orbit there is a component of force in the same direction, so no work is done.

What speed is needed to orbit?

To stay in orbit, a satellite has to travel at a very high velocity, which depends on the height. So, typically, for a circular orbit at a height of 300 km above the Earth’s surface, a speed of 7.8 km/s (28,000 km/h) is needed. At this speed, the satellite will complete one orbit around the Earth in 90 minutes.

Which planet will travel the fastest?

Within our solar system, Mercury, the messenger of the gods, is the fastest-moving planet, with an orbital speed of about 48 kilometres per second; Earth manages only about 30 km/s.

How does gravity affect Earth?

Earth’s Gravity

Our connection to the Moon’s gravity makes the tides rise and fall. The Earth’s gravity keeps our planet orbiting the Sun, just like the Sun’s gravity pulls on our planet. When the earth spins and gravity pulls on the clouds, weather can be affected. We have to bring up an important idea now.

How does gravity on Earth compare to gravity on the moon?

Earth’s average surface gravity is about 9.8 meters per second per second. When an object is tossed off a building top or a cliff apex, for instance, it accelerates toward the ground at 9.8 meters per second per second. The Moon’s surface gravity is about 1/6th as powerful or about 1.6 meters per second per second.

How does gravity affect atmosphere?

As gravity hugs the blanket of air to the Earth’s surface, what physicists call a density gradient is set up in the air. The air near the ground is pulled on by gravity and compressed by the air higher in the sky. This causes the air near the ground to be denser and at a greater pressure than air at higher elevations.

How gravity affects objects that orbit the sun and how their speed changes as they move toward or away from the sun?

A planet’s orbital speed changes, depending on how far it is from the Sun. The closer a planet is to the Sun, the stronger the Sun’s gravitational pull on it, and the faster the planet moves. The farther it is from the Sun, the weaker the Sun’s gravitational pull, and the slower it moves in its orbit.

How does gravity affect the motions of objects in space?

Every object in space exerts a gravitational pull on every other, and so gravity influences the paths taken by everything traveling through space. It is the glue that holds together entire galaxies. It keeps planets in orbit. It makes it possible to use human-made satellites and to go to and return from the Moon.

Does the speed of a satellite around the Earth depend on its mass?

The speed of a satellite in circular orbit around a planet does not depend on the mass of the satellite.

Why does speed decrease with increasing orbital radius?

As the orbital radius gets larger, the square root of the orbital radius also gets larger. So one over the square root of the orbital radius gets smaller because as the denominator of a fraction grows, the size of the fraction shrinks. So when orbital radius increases, we expect orbital speed to decrease.

How can speed be constant but velocity changes?

To summarize, an object moving in uniform circular motion is moving around the perimeter of the circle with a constant speed. While the speed of the object is constant, its velocity is changing. Velocity, being a vector, has a constant magnitude but a changing direction.

Why does gravity cause objects to accelerate?

Thus, more massive objects fall faster than less massive objects because they are acted upon by a larger force of gravity; for this reason, they accelerate to higher speeds until the air resistance force equals the gravity force.

What will happen to a satellite if its speed changes?

If the satellite is moving too quickly then the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the satellite is too weak to keep it in orbit. If this is the case, the satellite will move off into space.

Why does the velocity change but the speed doesnt?

Because Newton’s laws of motion relate any change in VELOCITY (not just speed) to the application of a net force. Even though circular motion can be at a constant speed, its changing velocity requires that a (centripetal) force be present to deviate from a straight line and maintain its circular path.

How will planet move if there is no gravity in the universe?

Humans and other objects will become weightless without gravity. If we have no gravity force, the atmosphere would disappear into space, the moon would collide with the earth, the earth would stop rotating, we would all feel weightless, the earth would collide with the sun, and as a consequence.

When the only force affecting an object is gravity that object is in?

When the only force acting on an object is gravity the object is said to be in free fall. The rate of acceleration due to gravity is 9.8m/s.

What is work done by force of gravity on a satellite moving around the Earth?

When a satellite moves around the Earth, then the force of gravity on the satellite is perpendicular to its displacement. Hence, the work done on the satellite by the Earth is zero.

Why does gravitational force change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit?

The gravitational force changes the speed of a satellite in elliptical orbit because there is a component of the force in the direction of the satellite’s motion. (a) The speed of a planet is going to be a maximum where its kinetic energy is maximum.

Why will the speed of a projectile following Earth’s curvature not be changed by gravity?

The force of gravity on a projectile acts only vertically, hence only the vertical component of a projectile changes with time. There is no component of gravity in the horizontal direction, hence horizontal motion is constant.

How does gravity make satellites revolve at a constant speed?

This centripetal force is supplied by gravity – the force that universally acts at a distance between any two objects that have mass. Were it not for this force, the satellite in motion would continue in motion at the same speed and in the same direction. It would follow its inertial, straight-line path.

Why doesn’t the force of gravity change the speed of a bowling ball?

Why doesn’t the force of gravity change the speed of a bowling ball as it rolls along a bowling lane? The force is at a right angle to the motion.

Why does the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit quizlet?

Why does the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit? Gravity slows the satellite as it moves away and speeds it up on its return.

How do satellites maintain their speed?

A satellite maintains its orbit by balancing two factors: its velocity (the speed it takes to travel in a straight line) and the gravitational pull that Earth has on it. A satellite orbiting closer to the Earth requires more velocity to resist the stronger gravitational pull.

What will happen if the horizontal speed is too large?

If launched with too great of a speed, a projectile will escape Earth’s gravitational influences and continue in motion without actually orbiting the Earth. Such a projectile will continue in motion until influenced by the gravitational influences of other celestial bodies.

What if the sun exploded?

The Sun will get hotter and brighter, and it will start to expand. During this process, it will lose its outer layers to the cosmos, leading to the creation of other stars and planets in the same way that the violent burst of the Big Bang created Earth.

Can Earth fall into a black hole?

Will Earth be swallowed by a black hole? Absolutely not. While a black hole does have an immense gravitational field, they are only “dangerous” if you get very close to them.

How does speed change with altitude of orbit?

The higher the orbit (larger distance between the planet and the satellite), the less speed is required to prevent the satellite from falling out of its orbit and crashing into the planet. The nearer the orbit, the faster it must move to ensure that it does not crash into the planet.

What does the work energy theorem say about the speed of a satellite in circular orbit?

What does the work energy theorem say about the speed of a satellite in circular orbit? 71. In accord with the theorem, once moving, no work is done on the satellite (because the gravitational force has no component parallel to motion), so no change in energy occurs. Hence the satellite cruises at a constant speed.

Why does the speed of a satellite moving in a circular orbit remain constant whereas speed varies in an elliptical orbit?

The speed of the satellite doesn’t change because there is no component of gravitational force in the direction of its motion.

When a satellite is in orbit around the Earth the force of gravity on the satellite?

When a satellite is in circular orbit, gravity is the only force acting on it, which means that the centripetal force and gravity must be equal: Fc = Fg .

Why does the speed of a satellite not change?

Acceleration is any change in velocity, whether it’s the direction of the velocity or its magnitude. In the case of a perfect orbit it is the direction, the tangential velocity of the satellite should keep a constant magnitude and just change direction as the satellite orbits.

Why does the force of gravity do no work on a satellite in circular orbit about the Earth?

Circular Orbit

The orbit can be expressed in terms of the acceleration of gravity at the orbit. The force of gravity in keeping an object in circular motion is an example of centripetal force. Since it acts always perpendicular to the motion, gravity does not do work on the orbiting object if it is in a circular orbit.

Does the speed of a satellite remains constant in an orbit?

The speed of satellite always remains constant in an orbit.

How quickly do satellites orbit the Earth?

The period of a satellite, or how long it takes to orbit the Earth one time, is dependent on its orbital altitude. Satellites in LEO, like the International Space Station, take about 90 minutes to orbit the Earth. Satellites in MEO take about 12 hours to do the same.

Can the Earth fall out of orbit?

Thanks to gravity, the earth does fall. It is actually in a constant state of falling since it is in orbit around the sun. This gravitational pull that the sun has on the earth is useful since it stops earth from catapulting into space.

Does the Moon rotate?

It made so much sense now! The moon does rotate on its axis. One rotation takes nearly as much time as one revolution around Earth. If the moon were to rotate quickly (several times each month) or not rotate at all, Earth would be exposed to all sides of the moon (i.e. multiple different views).

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