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How did the hostage system helped the shogunate control the daimyo?

Daimyo came under the centralizing influence of the Tokugawa shogunate in two chief ways. In a sophisticated form of hostage-taking that was used by the shogunate, the daimyo were required to alternate their residence between their domains and the shogun’s court at Edo (now Tokyo) in a system called sankin kōtai.

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How did sankin-kotai help the shogun keep the daimyo under control?

The alternate attendance system, or sankin-kotai, was a Tokugawa Shogunate policy that required daimyo (or provincial lords) to divide their time between the capital of their own domain and the shogun’s capital city of Edo (Tokyo).

What was the purpose of the hostage system in Japan?

Sankin-kōtai (Japanese: 参覲交代/参覲交替, now commonly written as 参勤交代/参勤交替, ‘alternate attendance’) was a policy of the Tokugawa shogunate during most of the Edo period of Japanese history. The purpose was to strengthen central control over the daimyōs (major feudal lords).

How did the Tokugawa shogunate maintain control?

The shoguns maintained stability in many ways, including regulating trade, agriculture, foreign relations, and even religion. The political structure was stronger than in centuries before because the Tokugawa shoguns tended to pass power down dynastically from father to son.

Why was Tokugawa shogunate important?

Tokugawa Ieyasu’s dynasty of shoguns presided over 250 years of peace and prosperity in Japan, including the rise of a new merchant class and increasing urbanization. To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity.

What was the hostage system what was its effect on the daimyo?

When a daimyo was not residing in the Tokugawa castle, he was required to leave his family at his overlord’s castle town. It was, at its simplest, a hostage system which required that either the daimyo or his family (including the very important heir) always be physically subject to the whim of the overlord.

Why did the daimyo have to travel to Edo?

To comply with the shogun’s edict, the daimyo traveled to Edo in elaborate and costly processions. These placed a large burden on the daimyo’s finances, as did their lavish Edo residences. Iemitsu’s policy cleverly kept the daimyo occupied and reduced the potential for rebellion.

What was a shogunate?

Shoguns were hereditary military leaders who were technically appointed by the emperor. However, real power rested with the shoguns themselves, who worked closely with other classes in Japanese society. Shoguns worked with civil servants, who would administer programs such as taxes and trade.

What is a daimyo procession?

Produced during the Edo period (1603-1867), when the Tokugawa dynasty ruled Japan, the procession specifically evokes the ritual journey of the daimyo, the regional warrior lords. The two hundred and fifty or so daimyo were required to spend alternate years in the shogun court, in the capital of Edo.

What’s the meaning of daimyo?

daimyo, any of the largest and most powerful landholding magnates in Japan from about the 10th century until the latter half of the 19th century. The Japanese word daimyo is compounded from dai (“large”) and myō (for myōden, or “name-land,” meaning “private land”).

How was the Tokugawa shogunate a period of stability?

What happened during the Tokugawa period? The Tokugawa period was marked by internal peace, political stability, and economic growth. Social order was officially frozen, and mobility between classes (warriors, farmers, artisans, and merchants) was forbidden.

What type of government was the Tokugawa shogunate?

Tokugawa Shogunate 徳川幕府 Tokugawa bakufu
Government Feudal dynastic hereditary military dictatorship
Emperor
• 1600–1611 (first) Go-Yōzei
• 1867–1868 (last) Meiji

How did the Tokugawa shogunate legitimize and consolidate their power?

In order to legitimize their rule and to maintain stability, the shoguns espoused a Neo-Confucian ideology that reinforced the social hierarchy placing warrior, peasant, artisan, and merchant in descending order. The early economy was based on agriculture, with rice as the measured unit of wealth.

What was an important contribution of the sankin Kōtai system to the modernization of Japan?

What was an important contribution of the sankin kōtai (alternate attendance) system to the modernization of Japan? (1) Japan’s people developed a stronger sense of national cultural unity.

How did the Tokugawa shogunate gain consolidate and maintain?

Consolidating power​is the process of taking control from other people who also have power. Maintaining power​is the process of keeping one’s power. The Tokugawa shogunate realized the importance of maintaining contact with distant provinces within Japan. The Tōkaidō was its most important highway.

How did the Tokugawa shogunate centralize power?

Tokugawa political order was exercised through a system of “centralized feudalism.” Which means that you have feudal lords with their own domains and yet, there is a centralized state that is, that has the shogun at the head.

What were the factors responsible for the downfall of the shogunate?

factors responsible for the decline of tokugawa shogunate. Debt/Burden of the draft and military (too many foreign wars) They began to build a debt up and they didn’t have goods and supplies to support their army and military.

What rules did the shogun create for the daimyo during the Edo period?

The third Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Iemitsu (1623-51), implemented a system of sankin-kotai (“alternate attendance”) which dictated that the daimyo must hold a residence in Edo and base themselves there every other year.

What is a daimyo who worked for them?

A daimyo was a feudal lord in shogunal Japan from the 12th century to the 19th century. The daimyos were large landowners and vassals of the shogun. Each daimyo hired an army of samurai warriors to protect his family’s lives and property.

Did shoguns fight?

Answer and Explanation: Yes, the shogun fought in battles. Tokugawa Ieyasu, for example, was the shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate and fought from the frontline during the Battle of Batogahara in January 1564. Ieyasu’s armor was good enough to prevent penetration of the bullets, and he therefore survived.

Was the Tokugawa shogunate conquered?

During the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1867), the family’s Satsuma fief was the third largest in the country. Then, in the Meiji Restoration, Shimazu warriors, together with warriors loyal to the Mōri family in Chōshū, overthrew the Tokugawa in 1867 and established the new Imperial government.

How did the Tokugawa shogunate control the aristocratic Daimyos?

Each Shogun kept the right (which he occasionally used) to assign daimyo to new fiefs, give them greater or smaller fiefs, or dismiss to them. -Assigned a specific territory in which they maintained order and from which they drew income to feed and equip their troops.

How did the daimyo maintain their power?

The daimyo maintained their power by ruling over local areas in the shogun’s name. The shoguns gave them fiefs of land, which they then administered… See full answer below.

How did daimyo help unify Japan?

A powerful daimyo named Oda Nobunaga campaigned to unify Japan at the end of the 16th century. He managed to conquer most of Honshu, the main island of Japan, by brutally defeating any and all of his opponents, so his goal seemed attainable.

What did the daimyo do for the shogun?

daimyo were large landholders who held their estates at the pleasure of the shogun. They controlled the armies that were to provide military service to the shogun when required. samurai were minor nobles and held their land under the authority of the daimyo.

What did daimyo travel in?

Daimyo Procession to Edo ca.

Some are mounted on horses; the daimyo and certain other members of his family are carried in palanquins.

How do you pronounce Daimyos?

  1. (Received Pronunciation) enPR: dī’myō, IPA: /ˈdaɪ.mjəʊ/
  2. (US) enPR: dī’myō, IPA: /ˈdaɪ.mjoʊ/

What is the daughter of a daimyo called?

Ojo (Princess) (王女)

Although ojo that appear in animated cartoons are also called hime, such use is inappropriate because the title of hime is also used for daughters of daimyo (Japanese feudal lord), the rank of which is lower than ojo. A daughter of an emperor is called imperial princess.

What would a daimyo wear?

What did they wear? The daimyo wore similar battle attire to the samurai. They wore steel or iron plates sown together by a skilled craftsman and under the plates they wore quilted padding. The also wore a detailed mask that covered their head and sometimes neck.

How was the Tokugawa shogunate established?

The Tokugawa shoguns would rule a relatively peaceful Japan for more than 250 years, from 1603 to 1867. It was during this time that Japan became the country that we recognize today. The Tokugawa Shogunate was begun by its victorious first shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, who was named shogun by the Emperor Go-Yozei in 1603.

Who invented the Samurai?

The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei’i Taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura shogunate, or Kamakura bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power.

What happened to the daimyo after the Meiji Restoration?

In 1869, the year after the Meiji Restoration, the daimyo, together with the kuge, formed a new aristocracy, the kazoku. In 1871, the han were abolished, and prefectures were established.

What compelled the Tokugawa shogunate to eliminate foreign influence?

The Tokugawa shogunate isolated Japan from foreign influence because of the fear of being conquered. Also people feared foreign ideas influencing culture.

How did the creation of the position of shogun change the central government of Japan?

The shogunate appointed its own military governors, or shugo, as heads of each province and named stewards to supervise the individual estates into which the provinces had been divided, thus establishing an effective national network.

How did Rangaku influence Japan?

Rangaku (Kyūjitai: 蘭學/Shinjitai: 蘭学, literally “Dutch learning”, and by extension “Western learning”) is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to …

What was the role of the samurai under Tokugawa peace?

Samurai under the Tokugawa Shogunate

This period ushered in a 250-year-long stretch of peace and prosperity in Japan, and for the first time the samurai took on the responsibility of governing through civil means rather than through military force.

What ended the shogunate?

On 3rd January 1868, more than 150 years ago, an important transfer of power occurred on the island-nation of Japan. With the resignation of the last Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, power was effectively “restored” to the imperial throne, back to the 16-year-old Emperor Meiji.

How did rulers legitimize and consolidate power in the Qing Dynasty?

Rulers used a variety of methods to legitimize and consolidate power in landbased empires. This included the use of taxcollection systems to generate revenue in order to forward state power and expansion. Why were large powerful militaries & elite cadres of soldiers essential in this era? gunpowder based weapons.

How did the Ottoman Empire legitimize their power?

HOW did Ottoman rulers legitimize and consolidate power? They use the devshirme which forced young boys to go into the military and serve the state. The boys were put into units called the janissaries.

How did the shogunate consolidate power?

The shoguns also cemented their power by taking charge of the country’s production and distribution. And it worked, because under the Tokugawa, agriculture and commerce thrived. In the rural areas, they put improved farming techniques into place.

What did the Tokugawa shogunate trade?

Goods imported by Japan from China included commodities such as cotton, sugar, raw silk and tea. Much of Japan’s silver exports were to China to settle the trade balance. Japan exported silver to China via Nagasaki, Tsushima and Ryukyu, with much of the silver coming directly from Nagasaki.

How did the shogunate work?

Shoguns were hereditary military leaders who were technically appointed by the emperor. However, real power rested with the shoguns themselves, who worked closely with other classes in Japanese society. Shoguns worked with civil servants, who would administer programs such as taxes and trade.

How did the Tokugawa shogunate fall into decline and crisis?

How did the Tokugawa Shogunate fall into decline and crisis? over populated in well developed lands; little economic growth in central Japan compared to outer provinces; shogunate unable to stabilize rice prices and halt economic decline of samurai while curbing growing power of merchant class.

What were at least three factors that led to the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate in the mid 19th century?

  • DECLINE OF THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE.
  • Japan in the 1800s.
  • Conflicts Between Farmers, the Merchant Class and Samurai.
  • Disasters and Famines in Mid 19th Century Japan.
  • Social Unrest in the Mid 19th Century.
  • Impact of China on Japanese Idealists in the Mid 1800s.

How were samurais wiped out?

The role of the samurai in peacetime declined gradually over this period, but two factors led to the end of samurai: the urbanization of Japan, and the end of isolationism. As more and more Japanese moved to the cities, there were fewer farmers producing the rice needed to feed the growing population.

What role did daimyo play in feudal Japan?

Daimyo were feudal lords who, as leaders of powerful warrior bands, controlled the provinces of Japan from the beginning of the Kamakura period in 1185 to the end of the Edo period in 1868. This warrior class, as newly risen holders of political authority, developed cultural traditions inherited from the court.

How did the shogunate influence modern Japan?

Tokugawa Ieyasu’s dynasty of shoguns presided over 250 years of peace and prosperity in Japan, including the rise of a new merchant class and increasing urbanization. To guard against external influence, they also worked to close off Japanese society from Westernizing influences, particularly Christianity.

Was the shogun more powerful than the emperor?

The Shoguns were significantly more powerful than the Emperor during the Heian Period.

What was the shogunate capital?

Edo, formerly a jōkamachi (castle town) centered on Edo Castle located in Musashi Province, became the de facto capital of Japan from 1603 as the seat of the Tokugawa shogunate.

How was the shogun chosen?

The word “shogun” is a title that was granted by the Emperor to the country’s top military commander. During the Heian period (794-1185) the members of the military gradually became more powerful than the court officials, and eventually they took control of the whole government.

Who controlled the Tokugawa shogunate?

Tokugawa Shogunate 徳川幕府 Tokugawa bakufu
Government Feudal dynastic hereditary military dictatorship
Emperor
• 1600–1611 (first) Go-Yōzei
• 1867–1868 (last) Meiji

Why did the daimyo have to travel to Edo?

To comply with the shogun’s edict, the daimyo traveled to Edo in elaborate and costly processions. These placed a large burden on the daimyo’s finances, as did their lavish Edo residences. Iemitsu’s policy cleverly kept the daimyo occupied and reduced the potential for rebellion.

Who overthrew the Tokugawa shogunate?

The final collapse of the Shogunate was brought about by the alliance of Satsuma and Choshu. These two antagonistic western clans formed an alliance as a result of the Shogunate’s expedition against Choshu in 1866. The alliance worked out a proposal for a complete overthrow of the Shogunate.

How did the shogunate control foreign relations?

In line with this, the Tokugawa shogunate restricted diplomatic contact by prohibiting any Europeans except the Dutch from coming to Japan after 1639; this was the policy of national seclusion (sakoku). But even seclusion was an exercise of power which impressed observers and encouraged submission.

How did the Tokugawa shogunate legitimize and consolidate their power from 1450 to 1750?

In order to legitimize their rule and to maintain stability, the shoguns espoused a Neo-Confucian ideology that reinforced the social hierarchy placing warrior, peasant, artisan, and merchant in descending order. The early economy was based on agriculture, with rice as the measured unit of wealth.

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